The most common water born pathogens in North America are E.coli and coliforms. Other forms of bacteria and viruses can also be present in untreated water. These troublesome critters are tiny micro-organisms called pathogens. When they're ingested from consuming contaminated drinking water, you will become very sick. Transmission of pathogens can also occur while bathing, showering, brushing teeth, or by eating food that has been exposed to infected water.
The best way to treat the water in your whole home for viruses and bacteria is with Ultra Violet Sterilization(U/V). U/V is a safe, chemical free method of rapidly and effectively inactivating e.coli, coliforms, viruses and other bacteria. When exposed to the germicidal wavelengths of ultra violet light, they are rendered incapable of reproducing and infecting.
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Hard water occurs as water moves through soil and rock dissolving into natural minerals such as calcium and magnesium and carries these minerals into the well water supply. Hard water causes problems in plumbing, appliances and the human body and is considered a nuisance by many homeowners. The buildup of minerals on dishes, clothing, fixtures, and even skin and hair can take their toll over time. Here are some of the common household problems related to hard water
Water Softeners that are properly sized for your home and family are effective in removing calcium, and magnesium from your water supply, and can help you run your home more efficiently. You will use less detergent, reduce scale build-up in plumbing and save appliances from unnecessary wear.
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Rainwater as it infiltrates the soil and underlying ground formations dissolves iron, causing it to seep into aquifers that serve as sources of water for wells. Iron exists in 2 common forms, FERROUS IRON - clear water iron and FERRIC IRON- red water iron.
Ferric iron presents as a cloudy reddish/orange appearance.
Ferrous iron presents as clear in the water and is not visible to the eye. When ferrous iron is oxidize by coming in contact with the air and settling on bathtubs, sinks or fixtures it becomes ferric iron which is rust. This rust adhears to the fixtures leaving behind a brown/reddish stain which is very difficult to remove. Concentrations of iron as low as 0.3 mg/L will leave reddish brown stains on fixtures, tableware and laundry Iron gives the water a strong metallic taste.
Iron Eater Backwashable Filters injects air into the water to remove iron and without the use of chemicals. This system is the best there is at removing iron from your well water.
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SEDIMENT is solid material that settles at the bottom of water. Once disturbed the sediment can lead to high turbidity.
TURBIDITY refers to the cloudiness of water which provides an environment for bacteria and virus to hide behind.
Sediment filters are made of 4 layers of polypropylene media and are available in sizes from 5 – 50 microns.
Alternatively, a Backwashable Nextsand whole home system will remove sediment from your water down to 5 microns. It's a low maintenance system and is suitable for well or cistern applications.
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Sodium and Chlorides occur naturally in well water. Elevated levels interfere with taste, and those with sodium restricted diets should be cautious. Sodium and Chloride also increases the corrosivity of the water and causes damage to household plumbing, and appliances.
Reverse Osmosis was the first process to remove sodium and chloride from sea water for use as drinking water aboard naval ships. Reverse Osmosis removes 98% of sodium and chlorides from drinking water.
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Heavy metals pose a serious threat to our health. Among the World Health Organizations (WHO) Top 10 chemicals of major health concerns, four of them are metal or metalloid: arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury, and many more. Because of their toxicity, they are also listed in the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
Long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic causes skin pigmentation change and lesions and eventually can lead to cancer.
Cadmium targets mainly the kidneys to cause renal diseases and stays in our body from 10 to 35 years.
Lead has multiple targets in our body and is deposited mainly in bones and teeth. Children absorb four to five times as much lead as adults; children who ingest lead may suffer from neural diseases and anemia. Both elemental mercury and methyl mercury are toxic. Mercury stays in the air for one year but can be stable in water sediments for millions of years.
Reverse Osmosis technology is used to eliminate up to 98% of heavy metals. The water molecules pass through the reverse osmosis membrane while the heavy metals and other contaminants are rejected to waste, leaving you with clean water.
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When clear water iron exists along with certain kinds of bacteria iron bacteria may become present. Iron bacteria is a smelly biofilm slime that is noticeable in the toilet tank when the lid is removed, and overtime will clog plumbing and cause offensive odours.
To remove iron bacteria from your water the most effective system is the use of chlorine injection with a retention tank. Removal of the chlorine after the fact, for drinking purposes is desirable and we suggest installing a carbon backwash system in conjunction with a reverse-osmosis filtration system, for the cleanest water.
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Most commonly referred to as sulphur, this naturally occurring gas produces a rotten egg smell. If sulphur is present in your water supply in high levels the smell of rotten eggs will be noticeable as soon as you walk into your home. Lower levels of sulphur will be most prominent on both your hot and cold water supply. If the smell is ONLY present on the hot water supply, the likely cause of the smell is sulphur reducing bacteria (SRB) See below.
Although hydrogen sulphide is not harmful to your health its unpleasant odour is cause for concern for many people. It can, however cause damage to pipes and fixtures by corroding different types of metals and can cause black staining on silverware and plumbing fixtures.
Sulphur Backwashable Filters are highly effective in removing sulphur odours commonly associated with problem well water. Their innovative design uses safe, catalytic medias in combination with an air charge chamber to oxidize and capture the elements that cause odour.
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SRB’s are naturally occurring in well water and are usually not a concern, however when they react with the heat of your hot water tank or remain stagnant in your water softener or backwashing system they create an unpleasant odour resulting from an overgrowth of the sulphur reducing bacteria. Although sulphur and sulphur reducing bacteria produce an unpleasant smell they are not harmful to your health
SRB's are the primary producers of large quantities of sulphur. These bacteria use sulphur as an energy source, chemically changing natural sulfates in water to hydrogen sulfide. These bacteria usually flourish on the hot water side of a water distribution system. Water containing high amounts of sulphur that escape into the air gives a distinct "rotten egg" smell
Sulphur reducing bacteria when present in hot water tanks and lines use sulphur as an energy source. To protect you from the effects of SRB's the most effective system is the use of a chlorine or peroxide injection system with a retention tank. Removal of the chlorine after the fact, for drinking purposes is desirable and we suggest installing a carbon backwash system in conjunction with a reverse-osmosis filtration system, for the cleanest water.
Alternatively, shocking the hot water tank and plumbing pipes with a high does of chlorine then installing a Sulphur Backwashable System to prevent return of the SRB’s can a more cost effective solution. A lab certified water analysis will determine your best course of action.
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